Pronoun

Summary

A pronoun is a word that indirectly refers to a person or a thing. For example: “John” is a proper name, “man” is a common noun, and “he” is a pronoun; but all three terms can refer to the same person named “John”.

Article

A pronoun can function as a noun (personal pronouns), an adjective (demonstrative pronouns), or a relative particle (relative pronouns).

Types

There are several different kinds of pronouns in Koiné Greek. Most pronouns can function either as nouns or adjectives in a sentence. When a pronoun functions as a noun, this grammar classifies it as a pronoun. When a pronoun functions as an adjective, this grammar classifies it as a determiner.

Personal Pronoun

r3 -ἐγώ (I) σύ (you)

Singular	1st person		2nd person
Nominative	ἐγώ		σύ
Genitive	μου (ἐμοῦ)		σοῦ (σου)
Dative	μοι (ἐμοί)		σοί (σοι)
Accusative	με (ἐμέ)		σέ (σε)
Plural
Nominative	ἡμεῖς		ὑμεῖς
Genitive	ἡμῶν		ὑμῶν
Dative	ἡμῖν		ὑμῖν
Accusative	ἡμᾶς		ὑμᾶς

r4 (2-1-2) αὐτός (“he,she,it,they”)

	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Singular
Nominative	αὐτός	αὐτή	αὐτό
Genitive	αὐτοῦ	αὐτῆς	αὐτοῦ
Dative	αὐτῷ	αὐτῇ	αὐτῷ
Accusative	αὐτόν	αὐτήν	αὐτό
Plural
Nominative	αὐτοί	αὐταί	αὐτά
Genitive	αὐτῶν	αὐτῶν	αὐτῶν
Dative	αὐτοῖς	αὐταῖς	αὐτοῖς
Accusative	αὐτούς	αὐτάς	αὐτά

Demonstrative Pronoun

r5 (2-1-2) (οὗτος - this)

	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Singular
Nominative	οὗτος	αὗτη	τοῦτο
Genitive	τούτου	ταύτης	τούτου
Dative	τούτῳ	ταύτῃ	τούτῳ
Accusative	τοῦτον	ταύτην	τοῦτο
Plural
Nominative	οὗτοι	αὗται	ταῦτα
Genitive	τούτων	τούτων	τούτων
Dative	τούτοις	ταύταις	τούτοις
Accusative	τούτους	ταύτας	ταῦτα

r6 (2-1-2) (ἐκεῖνος that)

	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Singular
Nominative	ἐκεῖνος	ἐκείνη	ἐκεῖνο
Genitive	ἐκείνου	ἐκείνης	ἐκείνου
Dative	ἐκείνῳ	ἐκείνῃ	ἐκείνῳ
Accusative	ἐκεῖνον	ἐκείνην	ἐκεῖνο
Plural
Nominative	ἐκεῖνοι	ἐκεῖναι	ἐκεῖνα
Genitive	ἐκείνων	ἐκείνων	ἐκείνων
Dative	ἐκείνοις	ἐκείναις	ἐκείνοις
Accusative	ἐκείνους	ἐκείνας	ἐκεῖνα

Relative Pronoun

ὅς,ἥ,ὅ (”who,which”)

	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Singular
Nominative	ὅς	ἥ	ὅ
Genitive	οὗ	ἧς	οὗ
Dative	ᾧ	ᾗ	ᾧ
Accusative	ὅν	ἥν	ὅ
Plural
Nominative	οἵ	αἵ	ἅ
Genitive	ὧν	ὧν	ὧν
Dative	οἷς	αἷς	οἷς
Accusative	οὕς	ἅς	ἅ

r2 (2-1-2) (ὅς who,which)

	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Singular
Nominative	ὅς	ἥ	ὅ
Genitive	οὗ	ἧς	οὗ
Dative	ᾧ	ᾗ	ᾧ
Accusative	ὅν	ἥν	ὅ
Plural
Nominative	οἵ	αἵ	ἅ
Genitive	ὧν	ὧν	ὧν
Dative	οἷς	αἷς	οἷς
Accusative	οὕς	ἅς	ἅ

Indefinite Pronoun

Interrogative Pronoun

r7 (3-3-3) (τίς Who?What?Which?Why?)

	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Singular
Nominative	τίς	τίς	τί
Genitive	τίνος	τίνος	τίνος
Dative	τίνι	τίνι	τίνι
Accusative	τίνα	τίνα	τί
Plural
Nominative	τίνες	τίνες	τίνα
Genitive	τίνων	τίνων	τίνων
Dative	τίσι(ν)	τίσι(ν)	τίσι(ν)
Accusative	τίνας	τίνας	τίνα

Reflexive Pronoun

r8 (2-1) (ἐμαυτοῦ - of myself, σεαυτοῦ - of yourself )

	Masculine	Feminine		Masculine	Feminine
Singular	ἐμαυταῦ			σεαυτοῦ
Genitive	ἐμαυτοῦ	ἐμαυτῆς		σεαυτοῦ	σεαυτῆς
Dative	ἐμαυτῷ	ἐμαυτῇ		σεαυτῷ	σεαυτῇ
Accusative	ἐμαυτόν	ἐμαυτήν		σεαυτόν	σεαυτήν
Plural
Genitive	ἑαυτῶν	ἑαυτῶν		σεαυτῶν	σεαυτῶν
Dative	ἑαυτοῖς	ἑαυταῖς		σεαυτοῖς	σεαυταῖς
Accusative	ἑαυτούς	ἑαυτάς		σεαυτούς	σεαυτάς

Note: - Reflexive pronouns do not appear in the nominative case because they reflect back on the subject of the sentence. - Reflexive pronouns do not occur in the neuter, only in masculine or feminine. - σεαυτοῦ does not occur in the New Testament in the plural, but we have included it here for completeness.

Reciprocal Pronoun

αλληλων

ἐν αὐτῷ ζωὴ ἦν John 1:3

en autō zōē ēn

in him life it was

In him was life

** αὐτῷ** is a taking the place of the noun “λόγος”.